Objectives!!!

Objective One:


1. The three types are Fahrenheit, Celcius, and Kelvins.
2. Thermal energy is related to temperature and heat because it makes up an object with the particles inside it.   The thermal energy of a material consists of the disordered motion of its atoms or molecules. Thermal energy can be transferred through materials or from one material to another by conduction (the collisions of atoms). If the material is fluid, convection currents transfer the thermal energy (convection). When thermal energy is transferred it is called heat. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of atoms and molecules in a material.
3. Specific heat is the amount of heat that raises the temperature by one degrees celcius.  An example of high specific heat is water.  Water depends on the high specific heat to stabalize its temperature.
4. An ice cube is cold and your hand is warm.  When a cold item hits a warm object, it starts to melt.  The heat molucles in your hand makes the ice cube turn into a liquid.
5. An object made of a material with a higher heat capacity will take longer to get warm than one made with a lower-heat-capacity material (if the two are heated with the same power, say a microwave).

Objective Two:


1. It measures temperature using mercury.  This is so because mercury expands when it gets hotter, but gets smaller when it is colder.  (Mercury is the liquid stuff inside the termometer)
2. They are all the same because they each give the temperature.  Also Kelvins and Celcius are similiar because they have the same intervals/degrees.  They are different because they are all placed differently on scales and you would have to convert them to find their equal.
3. 5.0 C would be equal to 41.0 F
4. 860 F would be equal to 460 C
5. 5*10*4180= 209000J

Objective Three:


1. The three forms are conduction, convection, and radiation.
2. Heat moves to hotter places, than to colder places.
3. Conductors and insulators are exactly the opposite.  Conductors let energy pass through easily and insulators don't let much energy pass through them. 
4. I would say that a cooper pipe would be more efficient as a conductor.  I say this because it has more room for enerrgy to flow through it and it would be easier.
5. If I had the option to either build a fire or put up a tent, I would put up a tent (conduction).  I would do this because I would be in an inclosed area.  The atoms would be tightly packed, which would make you in an insulated area.  This would form heat for me to stay super, cozy warm!!!:)

Objective Four:


1. Temperature makes matter change state.  The hot particles change to more of a gas and the cold particles would change to more of a solid.
2. As thermal energy increases the substance could change to either a gas or a solid.
3.  The temperature of matter stays the same because all of the temperature's energy is being put into the matter because it is changing its state.
4. A solid melts because the matter expands which causes the heat to act upon the solid.  It soon melts away.
5. You should do this because when the potatoe heats up the matter inside it will expand, and without the holes the potatoe with EXPLODE!

Objective Five:


1. Heat engines use thermal energy by turning it into mechanical energy.
2. Internal combustion engines- Heat and gas is transfered to objects, which causes mechanical energy to produce.
    External combustion engines- The internal working fluid gets heated up by an external source, which produces motions.
3. I think that they would use an internal combustion engine because you would put gas into your car, which would power up the vehicle to make it move.
4. The refrigerator would have no hot air in it because all of the heat is sucked out of it, which makes it really cold inside.
5. Everything in the refrigerator would get hot...nothing would be cold.