Objectives!!!

Objective One: 


 1. A solution is defined as a clear and homogeneous mixture of a solute in a solvent.  In other words a solution is something dissolved in something else.  A colloid is a substance dispersed throughout another substance.  An example of this would be milk.  Suspension is a substance containing large, solid particles in it.  An example of this would be sand in a cup of water.
2. When a solution forms, particles of the solute leave each other and become surrounded by particles of the solvent.
3. Solutes affect the boiling point and freezing point of a solvent because the range increases for the boiling point and decreases for the freezing point.
4. If you mix blue food coloring in water it would be a solution because the blue coloring mixes in with the water.
5. It is explained in number 3...


Objective Two:


1. Concentration is the measure of how much of a given substance there is mixed with another substance.
2. You can figure out what a substance is because of its solubility. You can use the characteristic of solubility to know how much of a substance can be dissolved in a solvent. If you know the solubility of a solvent, then you know how much of a solute can be added until the solvent is at its maximum concentration.
3. There are three types and those are tempature, pressure, and type of the solvent.
4. When the tempature is hot the solid will melt and if it is too cold it will freeze.
5. Solubility is helpful in seeing the substances because you can see how much of something is able to be dissolved in it.


Objective Three:


1. Acid Properties: sour tasting, corrosive to metals, make litmus paper red, and they also release hydrogen ions.
2. Base Properties: slippery,  makes litmus paper blue, releases hydroxcide ions, and they usually end with "ide".
3. You put part of the litmus paper in a solution or substance and wait to see if it will turn blue or more red.  If it is a bluey color, it would be a base and if it was a reddish color it would be an acid.
4. You could tell because it could have a sour taste ( acid ) or a bitter taste ( base ).
5. The fertilizer will hurt your hands because it has acids and strong chemicals in it.


Objective Four:


1. The ions in acids would be H+.
2. The acids will start to release hydrogen ions and the bases will start to release hydroxcide ions.
3. H+NO3 ( this is an acid )
4.  The pH tells you how much H+ ions are in a certain acid or base.  If the pH is lower than 7 it is an acid and if it is higher it is a base.
5. When the pH number is lower, the concentration of the hydrogen ions is higher. So, the solution with the pH of 3 has more hydrogen ions.


Objective Six:

1. acid: something that reacts with a base to neutralizes its properties, something that tastes sour, something that reacts with an active metal to liberate hydrogen gas, and something that conducts electricity
2. neutralization: a chemical reaction when an acid and a base react to form salt
3. indicator: a halochromic is chemical compound that you can add to a solution little by little to see the pH of a solution can be indicated visually
4. corrosive: if something is corrosive, then it will destroy or severely damage another thing when it comes into contact with it
5. hydroxide ion: the negatively charged ion in a water solution of a base